Installing 1Panel Using Docker on TrueNAS Background My TrueNAS has some performance headroom, so I'm thinking of deploying a web service. I want to install a control panel to reduce manual work. Considering the performance overhead of virtual machines, the high memory requirements for ZFS cache, and the fact that the NAS itself isn't very powerful, I decided to use Docker for deployment. Furthermore, since 1Panel itself is distributed as a Docker image, both systems controlling the TrueNAS host's Docker daemon is essentially equivalent to deploying websites directly on the TrueNAS host, making management easier. Analysis {alert type="warning"} This article assumes TrueNAS can access Docker Hub and the Docker daemon is already configured. {/alert} Environment Information Storage Pool There are two storage pools: /mnt/data: 1 x MIRROR | 2 wide | 2.73 TiB | HDD /mnt/systemdata: 1 x DISK | 1 wide | 223.57 GiB | SSD Docker data is stored in storage pool #2. Datasets There are three datasets: Storage: Located in the data storage pool, stores cold data. DockerData: Located in the systemdata storage pool, stores persistent data for containers. KaguraiYoRoy: Located in systemdata, the user's home directory. Installing 1Panel Used the moelin/1panel:latest image for deployment. Many parts of this process can refer to the README written by the image author. Project address: okxlin/docker-1panel Created a folder specifically for storing 1Panel data within the DockerData dataset, which is used as /opt/1panel inside the container, located at /mnt/systemdata/DockerData/1panel. Persistent Volumes To allow 1Panel to manage the host's Docker, map /var/run/docker.sock and the host's Docker directory. Map the data folder created for it earlier. The Docker directory in TrueNAS is different from typical Linux systems. Typically, it's at /var/lib/docker, but in TrueNAS, it's at /mnt/.ix-apps/docker. Environment Variables and Port Mapping The environment variables are the same as those set by the image author, passing TZ=Asia/Shanghai. Port mapping can be set as needed; the container's port is 10086. Docker Compose With the above information, writing the Docker Compose file becomes straightforward. The complete Docker Compose file is as follows: services: 1panel: dns: - 223.5.5.5 environment: - TZ=Asia/Shanghai image: moelin/1panel:latest labels: createdBy: Apps ports: - '8085:10086' restart: always volumes: - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock - /mnt/.ix-apps/docker:/var/lib/docker - /mnt/systemdata/DockerData/1panel/opt:/opt/1panel - /mnt/systemdata/DockerData/1panel/root:/root - /etc/docker:/etc/docker Mapping /root is because I need to run Git inside the container, and Git config is stored under /root. Setting DNS is because 1Panel needs to download data online when building environment images, and errors occur without specifying DNS. After installation, access the port you set. 1Panel Basic Information: Default Username: 1panel Default Password: 1panel_password Default Entrance: entrance Troubleshooting Docker Mirror During testing, it was found that without setting a mirror source, even with a Proxy configured, installing the PHP environment would fail. Furthermore, configuring both a mirror source and a Proxy also led to installation failure; the reason is unclear. Open /etc/docker/daemon.json on TrueNAS and add registry-mirrors: { "data-root": "/mnt/.ix-apps/docker", "default-address-pools": [ { "base": "172.17.0.0/12", "size": 24 } ], "exec-opts": [ "native.cgroupdriver=cgroupfs" ], "iptables": true, "registry-mirrors": [ "https://docker.1panel.live" ], "storage-driver": "overlay2" } Save the file, restart the host's Docker service, then try installing the environment in 1Panel again. {alert type="warning"} This configuration might be lost after a reboot. Try to install all necessary environments and apps in one go if possible. {/alert} Containers Created by 1Panel Fail to Start This is because in 1Panel, the default folder for storing data is the mapped /opt/1panel. However, the containers actually run on the TrueNAS host and try to access /opt/1panel, which doesn't exist on TrueNAS by default, and its /opt is read-only by default. This causes a "Read-only filesystem" error when starting containers. My solution is straightforward: On the TrueNAS host, first remount /opt as read-write, then create a symbolic link pointing to 1Panel's data folder. cd /opt mount -o remount,rw /opt ln -s /mnt/systemdata/DockerData/1panel/opt 1panel After this, it should work normally. One thing to note: When installing OpenResty in 1Panel, remember to avoid using ports 80 and 443, as these are the default ports for the TrueNAS web UI.